Experimental investigation of phase transformations of olivine and enstatite at the lower part of the mantle transition zone: Implications for structure of the 660 km seismic discontinuity     

WU Yao  ZHANG YanFei  WANG YanBin  JIN ZhenMin & DONG ShuWen 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(4):592-599

High-pressure polymorphs of olivine and enstatite are major constituent minerals in the mantle transition zone(MTZ).The phase transformations of olivine and enstatite at pressure and temperature conditions corresponding to the lower part of the MTZ are import for understanding the nature of the 660 km seismic discontinuity.In this study,we determine phase transformations of olivine(MgSi2O4) and enstatite(MgSiO3) systematiclly at pressures between 21.3 and 24.4 GPa and at a constant temperature of 1600℃.The most profound discrepancy between olivine and enstatite phase transformation is the occurency of perovskite.In the olivine system,the post-spinel transformation occures at 23.8 GPa,corresponding to a depth of 660 km.In contrast,perovskite appears at 23 GPa(640 km) in the enstatite system.The ~1 GPa gap could explain the uplifting and/or splitting of the 660 km seismic discountinuity under eastern China.  相似文献   

东北地区660km间断面附近波速结构研究   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

叶玲玲  李娟 《地震学报》2012,34(2):137-146

我国东北地区位于西北太平洋和达-贝尼奥夫俯冲带前缘,其深部速度结构对理解板块俯冲行为以及地幔物质的交换有重要意义.利用区域三重震相模拟方法,对中国地震观测台网记录到的两个深源地震P波和SH波波形数据,进行了相对到时和波形的拟合,获得了我国东北地区660 km间断面附近波速结构.结果表明,研究区域下方的间断面没有发生明显...  相似文献   

龙门山断裂带地壳密度结构   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

唐新功  尤双双  胡文宝  严良俊 《地震地质》2012,34(1):28-38

研究龙门山及邻区地壳密度结构对于认识该地区地震活动性具有重要意义.根据龙门山及邻区( 100°～105°E,28°～33°N)的布格重力异常资料,选取了跨越龙门山断裂带的6条重力测线,在深地震测深资料约束下,使用Geosoft软件分别反演出了龙门山地区地下的沉积层、康拉德界面和莫霍面的深度分布.研究结果表明:龙门山断裂带两侧的地壳结构明显不同,西面高原地区沉积层较薄,大部分为基岩出露;而东边盆地沉积层明显较厚,多在6km以上.莫霍面和康拉德面在两侧均相对平缓,康拉德面从东部的大约24km增加到青藏高原山区的35km左右;莫霍面深度从东部盆地的大约42km增加到西部青藏高原的67km左右.龙门山断裂带整体表现为一条近SN向的陡变重力梯度带,并在其地壳内各界面均发生错断,莫霍面和康拉德面错断距离分别达6 ～ 7km和3～ 5km.该区地壳的这种陡变和不均匀性是导致地震活动性强烈的主要原因之一.  相似文献   

利用电成像结果推断隐伏断裂的方法及其典型形式   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

朱涛  冯锐  周建国  郝锦绮  王华林  王硕卿 《地震地质》2009,31(1):34-43

经过几年的试验,探测城市浅层隐伏断裂的电成像技术已取得进展。根据在北京奥运村、山东、甘肃和山西等地的试验探测结果,总结了利用电成像结果推断反映城市浅层隐伏断裂的电性结构间断面的方法、步骤及其典型表现形式。一般情况下,在分析时,首先分析电性结构的层状特征,以此初步判定探测区域中是否存在电性结构间断面;其次,要由深入浅分析电阻率等值线,如果它们能够从探测剖面的深部向上延伸到浅部,且存在等值线的整体性错断、强烈(集中)弯曲或梯度带,则表明存在表征隐伏断裂的电性结构间断面;最后需进行水平追踪分析,以确定表征隐伏断裂的电性结构间断面的空间展布。通过总结,可将电性结构间断面分为AB、ABA和AC3种类型。在文中,以淄博段张店-仁河断裂系为例,详细说明了如何使用所总结的方法来推断目标隐伏断裂的位置及空间展布。根据研究结果布设了工程钻孔,其结果证实文中的推断是正确的。不过,文中介绍的方法不是惟一的、死板的,切不可生搬硬套,仅期望为今后利用电成像结果推测城市浅层隐伏断裂的工作提一些供参考和帮助。  相似文献   

结构面网络模拟结果后处理研究     

张宜虎  周火明  邬爱清 《岩土力学》2009,30(9):2855-2861

结构面网络模拟是获取岩体结构模型的主要手段。基于网络模拟结果建立岩体力学或水力学分析模型,然后开展精细数值模拟研究,是岩石力学领域具有良好前景的发展方向。但目前尚没有成熟的分析软件能够将网络模拟结果转化为能用于力学或水力学计算的单元网格,针对这一现状,开发了一整套结构面网络模拟结果后处理程序,利用该程序,可以方便地将网络模拟结果转化为能用于水力学计算的连通水力网络,以及能用于力学分析的包含节理单元的有限元网格。并对相关的程序算法和实现过程作了详尽的介绍,希望能够对从事该领域研究工作的同行有参考价值。  相似文献   

江西某厂区边坡岩体结构面网络模拟研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

张永荣  余宏明  殷坤龙  姜淑花 《地质科技情报》2000,19(1):85-88

基于结构面实测统计原理和方法,建议结构面几何参数概率模型,运用蒙特－卡洛（Ｍｏｎｔｅ－Ｃａｒｌｏ）模拟原理和方法,进行碉体结构的室内再现。运用该方法对江西亚东水泥厂厂区边坡岩体进行结构面网络模拟和成果分析,从而用于边坡岩体力学和渗透性能和评价,最终为其稳定性评价及支护设计服务。  相似文献   

用折射波S_n走时反演渭河断陷及邻近地区的莫霍面速度   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

狄秀玲  袁志祥  丁韫玉 《地震工程学报》1999,21(2):178-182

根据陕西及邻近省区地震台网的地震记录,利用莫霍面折射波Sn的走时资 料,重建了渭河断陷及邻近地区莫霍间断面的速度图像,并对方法的稳定性及结果的 可靠性进行了探讨。  相似文献   

Depth to the apparent redox potential discontinuity (aRPD) as a parameter of interest in marine benthic habitat quality models     

Travis G. Gerwing  Kieran Cox  Alyssa M. Allen Gerwing  Charmaine N. Carr-Harris  Sarah E. Dudas  Francis Juanes 《国际泥沙研究》2018,33(2):149-156

The usefulness of the apparent redox potential discontinuity (aRPD) in assessments of marine benthic habitat quality was explored at two intertidal mudflats along the north Pacific coast of Canada. Two transects were established at each intertidal site, with three sediment biogeochemistry cores collected from each transect four times over the summer of 2016. Measurements of the sediment pore water dissolved oxygen (DO) content and redox (Eh) conditions were taken at the surface of the core (measured vertically), as well as at increasing depths (1 cm between readings) into the sediment (measured horizontally through predrilled holes in the biogeochemistry corer). While oxic, anoxic, oxidized, and reduced sediment pore water was observed above and below the aRPD, in general, sediment above the aRPD had higher DO content, and higher Eh values than sediment below the aRPD. Therefore, the aRPD depth can be used as a relative indicator of sediment pore water DO and Eh conditions: sediment with a deeper aRPD depth has more available DO, and the pore water has higher Eh values (more oxidized or less reduced) than sediment with a shallower aRPD depth. As such, the aRPD depth is a useful parameter to include in models that assess the quality of marine benthic habitats.  相似文献   

A discontinuity in the late Pleistocene alluvial deposits,Hwacheon‐ri,Gyeongju, Korea: Occurrences and paleoenvironmental implication          下载免费PDF全文

Hoil Lee  In Sung Paik  Hyun Joo Kim  Hee‐Cheol Kang  Won Gyeong Seol  Jin‐Young Lee 《Island Arc》2018,27(4)

A sedimentary discontinuity is present in the late Pleistocene alluvial deposits exposed along the cliff in stream side, Gyeongju, Korea. Sedimentological study, Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) age dating, and X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and X‐ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) analyses were conducted in order to interpret the origin of the discontinuity surface. Based on the sedimentological study, these deposits can be divided into three distinct stages, in ascending order: (Stage 1) development of a braided stream flowing from south to north and deposition by debris flows from the mountain aside the stream during and/or after deposition of the braided stream; (Stage 2) deposition by intermittent events during a state of stagnation after the abandonment or migration of the previously existed braided stream; and (Stage 3) deposition of gravels from debris flows from the mountain aside the stream. Hornfelsic gravels are common in Stage 1, whereas andesitic gravels are predominant in Stage 3, suggesting the provenance change from Stage 1 to Stage 3. The discontinuity surface is laterally extensive and marked by a distinct carbonaceous dark grey horizon between Stage 2 and Stage 3. It is characteristic that rootlets mineralized by vivianite are present, and iron‐oxide crusts are cutting across irregularly below the discontinuity surface. It is thus interpreted that the shift of depositional environment from an alluvial plain (Stage 2) (125 ka) to an alluvial fan (Stage 3) (94–55 ka) was an alluvial response to sea level change from the interglacial to the glacial. The development of iron‐oxide crusts and diagenetic vivianite in the discontinuity surface suggests humid condition persisted during the paleoclimatic shift from the last interglacial to the last glacial stages.  相似文献   

河北地区Pb震相识别及康拉德界面分析     

王莉婵  李雪英  蔡玲玲  王宁  赵英萍 《华北地震科学》2019,37(3):10-17

基于河北测震台网现用速度模型,利用走时方程计算得到河北地区Pb震相的盲区范围大致为70km左右,作为初至震相的起始震中距范围为90~120km,作为后续震相的起始震中距范围为135~150km;收集近年京津冀地区2.0级以上地震88条,根据Pb震相理论波形特征,以及理论波形与实际波形到时比对,最终识别到158个有效Pb震相,拟合速度为6.69km/s,康拉德界面埋深21km,并得到河北地区Pb震相实际波形特征,弥补了河北台网Pb震相空白;利用Pb震相的射线分布,分析认为康拉德界面在河北北部山区发育程度较好,南部次之,中部渤海湾盆地地区连续性最差。  相似文献